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Topical Study
HELL

The term hell is commonly associated with the place of punishment for the wicked dead. It is variously used in different English versions of the Bible to translate Sheol in the OT and Gehenna and Tartarus in the NT. The NASB uses "hell" only in the NT, for Gehenna and Tartarus. Since the wicked experience punishment (i.e., chastisement) already before the resurrection and final judgment (cf. Luke 16:23-28), "hell" can be used to describe this intermediate state. The primary significance of the term, however, is the place of eternal punishment. A variety of expressions are used, all designed to depict the agony and destruction of existence separated and cut off from God, the source of life. See also SHEOL, HADES, PUNISHMENT (eternal).

the abode of the wicked
(See HADES, SHEOL)
•   Matthew 13:41-42; 25:41-46; Luke 16:23; Revelation 19:20; 20:14-15
warning against
•   Matthew 5:22, 29-30; 10:28; 18:8-9; Mark 9:43-48; Luke 12:5
descriptions of (punishment):
♦ fire:
•   Matthew 13:42, 50; 25:41; Mark 9:43; Luke 16:24; Jude 7; Revelation 9:2; 19:20; 20:10, 14-15; 21:8
♦ Gehenna, a valley south of Jerusalem with loathesome connotations from the time when humans were sacrificed there:
•   2 Kings 23:10; Jeremiah 7:31
♦ corpses and garbage were permanently burning in Gehenna making it appropriate as a metaphor of eternal punishment:
•   Matthew 5:22, 29, 30; 10:28; 18:9; 23:15, 33; Mark 9:43-47; Luke 12:5; James 3:6
♦ darkness:
•   Matthew 8:12; 22:13; 25:30; 2 Peter 2:4, 17; Jude 6, 13; Revelation 16:10; 21:8
♦ the abyss:
•   Luke 8:31; Revelation 9:1, 11; 20:1, 3
♦ Tartarus, the name in Greco-Latin mythology for the underworld abyss where wicked gods and humans were imprisoned in punishment:
•   2 Peter 2:4
♦ place of worms:
•   Isaiah 14:11; 66:24; Mark 9:48

 

This topic is from the Lockman Foundation.

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