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Topical Study

PROPHETS

primary examples of:

OT prophets (other than prophets with OT books named after them)

♦ Abraham

• Genesis 20:7

♦ Moses

• Numbers 12:6-8; Deuteronomy 18:15, 18; 34:10

♦ Samuel

• 1 Samuel 3:20; 9:9-10:8

♦ David

• 2 Samuel 23:1-2; Acts 2:25-31

♦ Nathan

• 2 Samuel 7:1-17; 12:1-15; 1 Kings 1:10-27

♦ Elijah

• 1 Kings 17:1-2 Kings 2:11; Malachi 4:5-6; Matthew 17:3-4, 9-13; Luke 4:25-26; Romans 11:2-5; James 5:17-18

♦ Elisha

• 1 Kings 19:16-21; 2 Kings 2:1-13:21; Luke 4:27

♦ Micaiah

• 1 Kings 22:7-28

♦ Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada

• 2 Chronicles 24:20-21

NT prophets:

♦ John the Baptist:

• Matthew 3:1-12; 11:9-14; Acts 13:24-25

♦ Jesus

(See also CHRIST, titles and functions of, prophet)

♦ Paul:

• I Thessalonians 4:13-17 (cf. Ephesians 2:20)

♦ Peter:

• 2 Peter 3:10-13 (cf. Ephesians 2:20)

♦ John:

• Revelation 1:1-2; 22:19 (cf. Ephesians 2:20)

♦ other NT prophets:

• Acts 11:28; 13:1; 15:32; 21:8-10 (cf. Ephesians 4:11)

selection of:

♦ directly by God:

• Exodus 3:1-17; Numbers 12:8; Psalms 103:7; Isaiah 6:8; Jeremiah 1:4-5, 10; Amos 7:14-15; Jonah 1:1-3

♦ through the Holy Spirit:

• 1 Samuel 10:6-13; 19:23-24 (cf. Luke 4:18-19)

♦ through another prophet:

• 1 Kings 19:19-21

♦ through an angel of the Lord:

• Luke 1:11-17; Revelation 1:1

function of:

♦ acted as human channels of God's message (e.g., "thus says the Lord"):

• Exodus 4:22; Judges 6:8; 2 Samuel 12:11; 2 Kings 9:6; Isaiah 55:1; Jeremiah 23:5; Ezekiel 36:1-7; Amos 5:4; Zechariah 6:12; Matthew 1:22; Luke 1:70; Hebrews 1:1; 1 Peter 1:10-12; Revelation 1:1-2

♦ received God's message through words, visions, dreams, parables and angels:

• Numbers 12:6-8; Deuteronomy 18:18; 1 Kings 13:20; 2 Chronicles 26:5; Jeremiah 1:9; Hosea 12:10; Amos 3:7-8; Zechariah 1:9, 13-14; 7:12; Revelation 1:1; 10:9-11; 22:6

♦ predicted the future:

(See also CHRIST, OT prophecies of)

• Deuteronomy 18:15, 18-19; 1 Samuel 9:19-20; 10:2-9; 1 Kings 17:1; 18:41; Isaiah 37:21-37; 65:17-25; Joel 2:28-32; Micah 5:2; Acts 11:28 (cf. Deuteronomy 18:21-22)

♦ spoke God's message to particular individuals:

• 1 Samuel 9:15-10:8; 2 Samuel 12:1-14; 1 Kings 18:16-19; 21:l7-24; 2 Kings 10:10; 19:5-7; 2 Chronicles 33:18; Jeremiah 21:1-7; 45:1-5; Daniel 2:29-45; 4:19-27; Haggai 2:2-4, 20-23; Matthew 14:1-12 (especially v. 12); Acts 21:10-11

♦ used as agents of the Spirit:

• 1 Samuel 10:6-13; 19:23-24; 2 Chronicles 24:20; Nehemiah 9:30; Joel 2:28; Zechariah 7:12; Acts 11:28; 1 Corinthians 12:7-11; 1 Peter 1:11-12; 2 Peter 1:21; Revelation 1:10-11

♦ involved in the coronation of kings:

• 1 Kings 1:32-35

♦ proclaimed God's judgment on sin:

(See also JUDGMENT)

• 1 Kings 21:20-24; Isaiah 2:12-21; 13:11; 24:1-23; 26:21; Jeremiah 4:5-18; 15:1-14; Daniel 5:22-30; Hosea 9:7-9

♦ revealed God's message to kings:

• 1 Kings 22:6-28; 2 Kings 6:9-12; Isaiah 37:2-7; Jeremiah 27:12-15

♦ called the people to repentance:

(See also REPENTANCE)

• 2 Kings 17:13; Isaiah 30:15; Jeremiah 18:11; Ezekiel 14:6; Matthew 3:2

♦ kept the royal chronicles:

• 1 Chronicles 29:29

♦ served as watchmen to warn people:

• Nehemiah 9:30; Jeremiah 6:16-17; Ezekiel 3:16-21

♦ interpreted dreams:

• Daniel 2:17-45; 4:8-28

♦ recorded God's word to them:

• Jeremiah 30:2; Habakkuk 2:2; Revelation 1:11, 19

♦ edified the church:

• 1 Corinthians 14:1-5, 12

♦ evangelized unbelievers:

• 1 Corinthians 14:24-25

♦ served as the revelatory foundation of the NT church:

• Ephesians 2:20

♦ given by Christ to the church for ministry:

• Ephesians 4:10-13

primary subjects of:

(See PREACHING, main contents of preaching; PROPHETS, function of)

♦ the sufferings and glories of the coming Messiah: (See also CHRIST, OT prophecies of; titles and functions of)

• Genesis 3:15; Luke 24:26; Acts 3:18; 1 Peter 1:11

♦ impending judgment:

(See also JUDGMENT; PROPHETS, function of, proclaimed God's judgment on sin)

• 1 Kings 21:20-29; Isaiah 9:8-12; Jeremiah 4:5-9; Amos 1:2-2:16; Jonah 3:1-4; Matthew 3:1-12; 24:42-51; Luke 13:3; I Thessalonians 5:1-3; 1 Peter 4:17; Revelation 2:16

♦ repentance:

(See also REPENTANCE)

• Isaiah 30:15; Jeremiah 5:3; Ezekiel 14:6; Jonah 3:4-5, 10 (cf. Matthew 12:41); Matthew 3:2; Mark 1:15; Acts 17:30; 2 Peter 3:9; Revelation 3:19; 16:11

♦ God's grace:

• 1 Peter 1:10

♦ restoration of Israel:

(See also ISRAEL)

• Deuteronomy 30:1-10; Isaiah 2:1-4; 11:10-11; Jeremiah 23:3-8; Amos 9:11-15; Zephaniah 3:9-17; Matthew 19:28; Acts 1:6-7; Romans 11:1-32

false prophets:

♦ evil character of:

• Deuteronomy 13:1-2; Isaiah 28:7; Jeremiah 14:16; 23:11, 14; 2 Peter 2:1-3, 12-19

♦ test of:

• Deuteronomy 13:1-3; 18:20-22 (cf. 1 Kings 22:6-37); 2 Peter 2:1-3, 12-19; 1 John 4:1-3

♦ warnings against:

• Deuteronomy 13:1-3; Matthew 24:24

♦ response to:

• Deuteronomy 13:3; 18:22; Jeremiah 23:16

♦ punishment for:

• Deuteronomy 18:20; Jeremiah 14:13-16; 23:12, 30-32; 28:16-17; 29:32; Ezekiel 13:9-23; Zechariah 13:3 (cf. Nehemiah 6:14)

♦ examples of:

• 1 Kings 22:6-12; Nehemiah 6:14; Jeremiah 20:6; 28:1-17; 29:31-32

♦ deception and falsehood of:

• Nehemiah 6:10-14; Jeremiah 14:13-16; 23:26, 32; Lamentations 2:14; Ezekiel 13:2-3, 6-10, 16, 22-23; Matthew 24:24

♦ divine denunciation upon:

• Jeremiah 23:9-22

♦ foolishness of:

• Lamentations 2:14; Ezekiel 13:3

♦ prophets of false gods (e.g., Baal)

• 1 Kings 18:18-22, 29; Jeremiah 13:13

enigmatic prophets:

Balaam

♦ his flawed character

• Numbers 22:1-23:6; 31:15-16; 2 Peter 2:14-16; Jude 11; Revelation 2:14

♦ his true prophecy

• Numbers 23:7-24:25 (cf. 2 Peter 2:16)

♦ his death by the Israelites

• Numbers 31:8

♦ the old prophet of Bethel

• 1 Kings 13:11-32

true prophets:

title of

♦ "My [i.e., God's] servants the prophets"

• 2 Kings 9:7; 24:2; Ezra 9:11; Jeremiah 7:25; Ezekiel 38:17; Daniel 9:6; Amos 3:7; Zechariah 1:6 (cf. Psalms 105:15)

♦ test of

• 1 Kings 22:12-37; Jeremiah 28:1-17; 1 John 4:1-2 (cf. Deuteronomy 18:20-22)

proper response to

♦ listen to their message

• Deuteronomy 18:15, 18; Jeremiah 26:4-5; Matthew 17:5; Luke 16:31

♦ trust in their message

• 2 Chronicles 20:20

♦ repent at their warning (see also PROPHETS, primary subjects of, repentance)

• Ezekiel 18:30, 32; Jonah 3:5-10; Matthew 3:1-12; Luke 13:3; 2 Peter 3:9; Revelation 2:5

improper response to

♦ sometimes killed them

• 1 Kings 18:4; 19:10; Matthew 23:30-31, 34, 37; Acts 7:52; I Thessalonians 2:15; Revelation 16:6 (cf. Jeremiah 2:30)

♦ sometimes imprisoned them

• 1 Kings 22:26-27; Jeremiah 37:15-16; Matthew 14:3, 10

♦ scoffed at them

• 2 Chronicles 36:16

♦ persecuted them

• 2 Chronicles 36:16; Jeremiah 37:15; Matthew 5:12; 23:34; Acts 7:52

♦ rejected their ministry and message

• Jeremiah 7:25-26; Daniel 9:6, 10; Amos 2:12; Matthew 11:18-24; 21:3

♦ considered them foolish

• Hosea 9:7

♦ dishonored them in their own hometown and household

• Matthew 13:57 (cf. Jeremiah 20:10)

♦ support of

• 1 Samuel 9:7-8; 1 Kings 14:2-3; 18:4; 2 Kings 4:42; 8:8-9

various other uses:

♦ a prophet formerly called a "seer" in Israel:

• 1 Samuel 9:9, 11; Isaiah 30:10

♦ a group or school of prophets (i.e., "the sons of the prophets"):

• 1 Samuel 10:10; 2 Kings 2:3, 5, 7; 6:1-7

♦ the pre-exilic prophets (i.e., "the former prophets"):

• Zechariah 1:4; 7:7, 12

♦ prophets as a designation for a literary division of the OT:

• Matthew 5:17; Luke 24:44; Acts 24:14

This topic is from the Lockman Foundation.

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